/* ============================================================================
   CASE STUDY · shared stylesheet
   Same design language as index.html: monochrome base, one deep saturated
   primary per page, and the two grades of glass casing.

     PANEL = static surface. Sharp corners, dim border, no sheen, no hover.
     TAP   = selectable control. Rounded or pill, bright border, sheen, hover.

   Shape and border brightness are the affordance. No drop shadows anywhere;
   the only box-shadows are inset edge lighting and zero-offset accent glows.

   Per-page accent is set with <body data-accent="blue|red|yellow|neutral">.
   ============================================================================ */

:root{
  --ink:#f2f4f7;
  --ink-2:#a9b0bb;
  --ink-3:#6d7581;
  --bg:#07080a;

  --acc:255,255,255;

  --panel-radius:2px;
  --panel-bg:linear-gradient(170deg,rgba(255,255,255,.048) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,.018) 60%,rgba(255,255,255,.03) 100%);
  --panel-border:rgba(255,255,255,.13);
  --panel-edge:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.13);

  --tap-bg:linear-gradient(170deg,rgba(255,255,255,.135) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,.045) 55%,rgba(255,255,255,.075) 100%);
  --tap-border:rgba(255,255,255,.50);
  --tap-edge:
    inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.55),
    inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.12),
    inset 1px 0 0 rgba(255,255,255,.18),
    inset -1px 0 0 rgba(255,255,255,.18);

  --shell:1180px;
  --read:760px;
  --ease:cubic-bezier(.22,.61,.24,1);
  --ease-out:cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1);
}

body[data-accent="blue"]   { --acc:34,86,255 }
body[data-accent="red"]    { --acc:236,32,52 }
body[data-accent="yellow"] { --acc:255,193,20 }
body[data-accent="neutral"]{ --acc:255,255,255 }

*{box-sizing:border-box}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth}
body{margin:0;background:var(--bg);color:var(--ink);
  font-family:'Inter',system-ui,-apple-system,'Segoe UI',sans-serif;
  -webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;overflow-x:hidden}
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5{font-family:'Space Grotesk',system-ui,sans-serif;margin:0;letter-spacing:-.02em}
p{margin:0;line-height:1.72;color:var(--ink-2)}
a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}
img{display:block;max-width:100%}
::selection{background:rgba(var(--acc),.35)}

/* ---- atmosphere. No particle canvas here: these pages are for reading. ---- */
.atmos{position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:0;pointer-events:none;
  background:
    radial-gradient(120% 70% at 50% -8%, rgba(var(--acc),.15) 0%, rgba(var(--acc),0) 55%),
    radial-gradient(80% 50% at 100% 100%, rgba(var(--acc),.07) 0%, rgba(var(--acc),0) 60%)}
.vignette{position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:1;pointer-events:none;
  background:radial-gradient(130% 100% at 50% 40%, rgba(0,0,0,0) 45%, rgba(0,0,0,.6) 100%)}
.grain{position:fixed;inset:-50%;z-index:1;pointer-events:none;opacity:.03;
  background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='140' height='140'><filter id='n'><feTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='.85' numOctaves='3'/></filter><rect width='140' height='140' filter='url(%23n)'/></svg>")}
main,nav{position:relative;z-index:2}
footer{position:relative;z-index:1}  /* below main, so the narrow-screen contents bar (inside main) stays on top of it */

/* ============================================================
   CASING
   ============================================================ */
.glass{position:relative;background:var(--panel-bg);border:1px solid var(--panel-border);
  border-radius:var(--panel-radius);
  backdrop-filter:blur(16px) saturate(140%);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(16px) saturate(140%);
  box-shadow:var(--panel-edge);overflow:hidden}

.btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;padding:13px 24px;border-radius:100px;
  font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-weight:600;font-size:13.5px;
  color:#fff;cursor:pointer;border:1px solid var(--tap-border);background:var(--tap-bg);
  backdrop-filter:blur(16px) saturate(150%);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(16px) saturate(150%);
  box-shadow:var(--tap-edge);position:relative;overflow:hidden;
  transition:transform .38s var(--ease-out), border-color .38s var(--ease), box-shadow .38s var(--ease)}
.btn::before{content:"";position:absolute;top:0;left:-60%;width:45%;height:100%;
  background:linear-gradient(100deg,rgba(255,255,255,0),rgba(255,255,255,.30),rgba(255,255,255,0));
  transform:skewX(-18deg);opacity:0;transition:opacity .45s linear;pointer-events:none}
.btn:hover::before{opacity:1;animation:sheen 2.4s var(--ease-out)}
@keyframes sheen{from{left:-60%}to{left:120%}}
.btn:hover{transform:translateY(-3px);border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.80);
  box-shadow:var(--tap-edge), 0 0 0 1px rgba(var(--acc),.45), 0 0 26px rgba(var(--acc),.32)}
.btn:active{transform:translateY(-1px)}
.btn .dot{width:7px;height:7px;border-radius:50%;background:rgb(var(--acc));box-shadow:0 0 12px rgba(var(--acc),.9)}
.btn-quiet{padding:10px 18px;font-size:12.5px}
.btn:focus-visible{outline:2px solid rgba(var(--acc),.9);outline-offset:4px}

/* ============================================================
   CHROME
   ============================================================ */
.progress{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;height:2px;width:0;z-index:60;
  background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(255,255,255,.3),rgb(var(--acc)));
  box-shadow:0 0 14px rgba(var(--acc),.7)}

nav{position:fixed;top:18px;left:0;right:0;z-index:50;display:flex;justify-content:center;padding:0 20px}
.navshell{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:22px;padding:9px 10px 9px 20px;max-width:100%;
  transition:transform .5s var(--ease)}
nav.nav-hidden .navshell{transform:translateY(calc(-100% + 9px))}
nav.nav-hidden:hover .navshell,
nav.nav-hidden .navshell:focus-within{transform:translateY(0)}
.brand{font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.14em;white-space:nowrap}
.brand span{color:rgb(var(--acc))}
.navmid{font-size:12px;color:var(--ink-3);white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;max-width:38vw}
@media(max-width:720px){.navmid{display:none}}
.btn .icon{width:14px;height:14px;flex:0 0 auto;color:rgb(var(--acc));
  filter:drop-shadow(0 0 6px rgba(var(--acc),.65))}

/* ============================================================
   LAYOUT
   ============================================================ */
.wrap{max-width:var(--shell);margin:0 auto;padding:0 28px;width:100%}
.read{max-width:var(--read)}
section{padding:88px 0;position:relative}
.rule{height:1px;background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(255,255,255,.14),rgba(255,255,255,0))}

.eyebrow{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;
  font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:11px;font-weight:600;
  letter-spacing:.22em;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgb(var(--acc))}
.eyebrow::before{content:"";width:24px;height:1px;background:rgb(var(--acc));box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(var(--acc),.9)}
.eyebrow.bare::before{display:none}

h2.h2{font-size:clamp(26px,3.6vw,38px);font-weight:600;line-height:1.1;margin-top:14px}
h3.h3{font-size:clamp(19px,2.2vw,23px);font-weight:600;line-height:1.22}
.lede{font-size:16.5px;margin-top:16px;color:var(--ink-2);line-height:1.72}
.body{font-size:15.5px;margin-top:14px}
.small{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--ink-3);line-height:1.6}

/* label used above small blocks, mirrors the reference's h6 labels */
.label{font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;font-weight:600;
  letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-3)}
.label.acc{color:rgb(var(--acc))}

/* ---- reveals ---- */
[data-reveal]{opacity:0;transform:translate3d(0,26px,0);
  transition:opacity .8s var(--ease-out), transform .95s var(--ease-out);
  transition-delay:var(--d,0ms)}
[data-reveal].in{opacity:1;transform:none}

/* ============================================================
   HERO
   ============================================================ */
.chero{padding:150px 0 0}
.chero h1{font-size:clamp(32px,5.4vw,58px);font-weight:700;line-height:1.04;margin-top:20px;max-width:16ch}
.chero .lede{max-width:640px;font-size:clamp(15px,1.6vw,18px)}
.tagrow{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-top:26px}
.tag{font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:11px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.12em;
  text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-2);padding:7px 13px;
  border:1px solid var(--panel-border);background:rgba(255,255,255,.03)}

/* meta strip */
.meta{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:0;margin-top:48px;
  border-top:1px solid var(--panel-border);border-bottom:1px solid var(--panel-border)}
.meta > div{padding:22px 24px 24px;border-left:1px solid var(--panel-border)}
.meta > div:first-child{border-left:0;padding-left:0}
.meta strong{display:block;font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:14.5px;
  font-weight:500;color:var(--ink);margin-top:9px;line-height:1.42}
@media(max-width:900px){
  .meta{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}
  .meta > div:nth-child(odd){border-left:0;padding-left:0}
  .meta > div:nth-child(n+3){border-top:1px solid var(--panel-border)}
}
@media(max-width:520px){
  .meta{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .meta > div{border-left:0;padding-left:0;border-top:1px solid var(--panel-border)}
  .meta > div:first-child{border-top:0}
}

/* hero split: title, summary and facts on the left, the video or image on the right */
.chero-grid{display:block}
.chero-media{margin-top:40px}   /* stacked (narrow) layout: air between the tags and the media */
.chero-text .eyebrow{display:flex;width:max-content;max-width:100%}
.chero-media .fig{margin-top:0}
.chero > .wrap > .meta{margin-top:44px}
.chero-link{line-height:14px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;margin-bottom:12px;
  font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:11px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.22em;
  text-transform:uppercase;color:rgb(var(--acc));text-decoration:none;
  padding-bottom:10px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--panel-border);transition:border-color .3s var(--ease)}
.chero-link i{font-style:normal;font-size:14px;line-height:14px;letter-spacing:0}
.chero-link:hover{border-color:rgba(var(--acc),.7)}
.chero-link:focus-visible{outline:2px solid rgba(var(--acc),.9);outline-offset:4px}
@media(min-width:900px){
  .chero{padding-top:132px}
  .chero-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1.18fr);
    column-gap:56px;align-items:start}
  /* the text column is sized to sit inside the height of the video beside it */
  .chero h1{font-size:clamp(28px,3vw,40px);margin-top:14px;max-width:none}
  .chero h1.long{font-size:clamp(23px,2.3vw,31px);line-height:1.14}
  .chero .lede{font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.6;margin-top:14px;max-width:none}
  .chero .lede p{font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}
  .chero .lede p + p{margin-top:10px}
  .chero .tagrow{margin-top:18px;gap:6px}
  .chero .tag{padding:5px 10px;font-size:10px}
  .chero-media{margin-top:0}
}

/* ============================================================
   CHAPTERS
   ============================================================ */
.chapter{padding-top:104px}
.chapter-head{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:28px;
  padding-top:34px;border-top:1px solid var(--panel-border)}
.chapter-no{font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:56px;font-weight:700;line-height:.85;
  color:transparent;-webkit-text-stroke:1px rgba(var(--acc),.55);flex:0 0 auto}
.chapter-head .txt{min-width:0}
@media(max-width:640px){.chapter-head{gap:18px}.chapter-no{font-size:40px}}

/* the big pull statement the reference uses between chapters */
.statement{padding:46px 0}
.statement .q{font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-weight:600;
  font-size:clamp(21px,3vw,32px);line-height:1.24;color:var(--ink);max-width:20ch;margin-top:16px}
.statement .q em{font-style:normal;color:rgb(var(--acc))}

/* ============================================================
   PROSE BLOCKS
   ============================================================ */
.stack{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px;margin-top:30px}

/* Problem / Approach / Result / Reflection */
.pa{padding:24px 26px 26px;border-left:2px solid rgba(var(--acc),.55);
  background:rgba(255,255,255,.022);border-top:1px solid var(--panel-border);
  border-right:1px solid var(--panel-border);border-bottom:1px solid var(--panel-border)}
.pa .label{color:rgb(var(--acc))}
.pa p{margin-top:10px;font-size:15px}
.pa ul{margin:12px 0 0;padding:0;list-style:none}
.pa li{position:relative;padding-left:20px;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.62;color:var(--ink-2);margin-bottom:9px}
.pa li::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;top:9px;width:6px;height:6px;
  border:1px solid rgba(var(--acc),.85);background:rgba(var(--acc),.22)}
.pa li ul{margin-top:8px}
.pa li li::before{background:none}
.pa.quiet{border-left-color:rgba(255,255,255,.2)}
.pa.quiet .label{color:var(--ink-3)}

/* plain bullet list outside a pa block */
ul.ticks{margin:16px 0 0;padding:0;list-style:none}
ul.ticks li{position:relative;padding-left:20px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.66;color:var(--ink-2);margin-bottom:10px}
ul.ticks li::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;top:9px;width:6px;height:6px;
  border:1px solid rgba(var(--acc),.85);background:rgba(var(--acc),.22)}

/* numbered goals, like the reference's Goals list */
ol.goals{margin:18px 0 0;padding:0;list-style:none;counter-reset:g}
ol.goals li{counter-increment:g;position:relative;padding-left:38px;margin-bottom:14px;
  font-size:15px;line-height:1.62;color:var(--ink-2)}
ol.goals li::before{content:counter(g,decimal-leading-zero);position:absolute;left:0;top:0;
  font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:12px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.08em;
  color:rgb(var(--acc))}

/* flow: A -> B -> C */
.flow{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:10px;margin-top:20px}
.flow span{font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:12.5px;font-weight:500;
  padding:9px 14px;border:1px solid var(--panel-border);background:rgba(255,255,255,.03);color:var(--ink-2)}
.flow i{font-style:normal;color:rgb(var(--acc));font-size:13px}
/* single row: steps shrink to fit (labels wrap inside their box); stacks back to wrapping on small screens */
.flow.one-row{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:6px}
.flow.one-row span{flex:0 1 auto;min-width:0;padding:9px 10px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.3}
.flow.one-row i{flex:none}
@media(max-width:760px){.flow.one-row{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px}.flow.one-row span{padding:9px 14px;font-size:12.5px}}

/* flowchart: numbered steps, arrows, an optional decision and yes/no branch */
.fc{margin-top:22px}
.fc-row{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:10px 8px}
.fc-node{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;padding:10px 14px 10px 10px;
  border:1px solid var(--panel-border);background:rgba(255,255,255,.03);min-width:0}
.fc-no{flex:none;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-width:22px;height:22px;padding:0 6px;
  border-radius:100px;border:1px solid rgba(var(--acc),.6);background:rgba(var(--acc),.14);
  font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:11px;font-weight:600;color:rgb(var(--acc))}
.fc-t{font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:12.5px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.35;color:var(--ink)}
.fc-choice{border:1px dashed rgba(var(--acc),.75);background:rgba(var(--acc),.06)}
.fc-arr{font-style:normal;color:rgb(var(--acc));font-size:14px}
.fc-step{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px}
.fc-branch{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px}
.fc-yes{border-color:rgba(var(--acc),.55)}
.fc-loops{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px 22px;margin-top:14px;padding-top:12px;border-top:1px dashed var(--panel-border)}
.fc-loops .fc-t{font-size:12px;font-weight:400;color:var(--ink-3)}
@media(max-width:640px){
  .fc-row{flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch}
  .fc-step{flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch}
  .fc-arr{align-self:center;transform:rotate(90deg)}
}

/* ============================================================
   FIGURES
   ============================================================ */
figure{margin:0}
.fig{margin-top:34px}
.fig .frame{position:relative;overflow:hidden;background:#0c0e12;
  border:1px solid var(--panel-border);border-radius:var(--panel-radius)}
.fig .frame img,
.fig .frame video,
.fig .frame iframe{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;border:0}
.fig .frame iframe{aspect-ratio:16/9;height:auto}
.fig figcaption{margin-top:11px;font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:10.5px;
  font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-3)}

/* a figure the reader can enlarge is TAP grade: rounded and bright */
.fig.zoom .frame{cursor:zoom-in;border-radius:14px;border-color:var(--tap-border);
  box-shadow:var(--tap-edge);transition:border-color .4s var(--ease), box-shadow .4s var(--ease)}
.fig.zoom .frame:hover{box-shadow:var(--tap-edge), 0 0 0 1px rgba(var(--acc),.4), 0 0 30px rgba(var(--acc),.22)}

.gallery{display:grid;gap:16px;margin-top:34px}
.gallery.g2{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}
.gallery.g3{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}
.gallery.g4{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr)}
/* portrait panel beside a landscape shot: widths in the two aspect ratios' proportion, so both come out the same height */
.gallery.g-map{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,.44fr) minmax(0,1fr);align-items:start}
.gallery .fig{margin-top:0}
.gallery.uniform .frame{aspect-ratio:16/9}
.gallery.uniform .frame img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center top}
.gallery.uniform-2x1 .frame{aspect-ratio:2/1}
.gallery.uniform-2x1 .frame img{object-position:center}
@media(max-width:900px){.gallery.g3,.gallery.g4{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}}
@media(max-width:560px){.gallery.g2,.gallery.g3,.gallery.g4,.gallery.g-map{grid-template-columns:1fr}}

/* full-bleed hero figure */
.fig.wide .frame{aspect-ratio:21/9}
.fig.wide .frame img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}

/* ---- placeholder: an asset that does not exist yet ---- */
.ph{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:12px;
  min-height:200px;aspect-ratio:16/9;padding:26px;text-align:center;
  background:
    repeating-linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,255,255,.014) 0 12px,rgba(255,255,255,0) 12px 24px),
    rgba(255,255,255,.012);
  border:1px dashed rgba(255,255,255,.16)}
.ph .tagline{font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:10px;font-weight:600;
  letter-spacing:.26em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-3);
  padding:7px 14px;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.16)}
.ph .what{font-size:13px;color:var(--ink-3);max-width:34ch;line-height:1.55}
.fig.tall .ph{aspect-ratio:3/4}
.fig.wide .ph{aspect-ratio:21/9}

/* ============================================================
   STATS + CALLOUTS
   ============================================================ */
.stats{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(180px,1fr));gap:0;margin-top:40px;
  border-top:1px solid var(--panel-border);border-bottom:1px solid var(--panel-border)}
.stats > div{padding:26px 24px;border-left:1px solid var(--panel-border)}
.stats > div:first-child{border-left:0;padding-left:0}
.stat-n{font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:clamp(26px,3.4vw,36px);font-weight:600;
  color:rgb(var(--acc));line-height:1;letter-spacing:-.03em}
.stats .label{margin-top:11px}

/* the two-column need/need split the reference uses */
.split{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:18px;margin-top:30px}
@media(max-width:720px){.split{grid-template-columns:1fr}}

/* learning cards */
.cards{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:18px;margin-top:36px}
@media(max-width:900px){.cards{grid-template-columns:1fr}}
.card{padding:26px 24px 28px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.022);border:1px solid var(--panel-border)}
.card .gl{width:30px;height:30px;border:1px solid rgba(var(--acc),.6);background:rgba(var(--acc),.14);
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;
  font-size:12px;font-weight:700;color:rgb(var(--acc))}
.card h4{font-size:16.5px;font-weight:600;margin-top:18px;line-height:1.32}
.card p{font-size:14px;margin-top:10px}

/* IP / disclosure note */
.note{margin-top:36px;padding:24px 26px;border:1px solid rgba(var(--acc),.28);
  background:rgba(var(--acc),.045)}
.note .label{color:rgb(var(--acc))}
.note p{margin-top:10px;font-size:14.5px}

/* ============================================================
   NEXT CASE STUDY + FOOTER
   ============================================================ */
.next{margin-top:20px;display:flex;align-items:stretch;gap:28px;padding:34px 34px 34px 36px;
  border-radius:18px;border:1px solid var(--tap-border);background:var(--tap-bg);
  backdrop-filter:blur(16px) saturate(150%);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(16px) saturate(150%);
  box-shadow:var(--tap-edge);position:relative;overflow:hidden;cursor:pointer;
  transition:transform .5s var(--ease-out), border-color .5s var(--ease), box-shadow .5s var(--ease)}
.next::before{content:"";position:absolute;top:0;left:-60%;width:45%;height:100%;
  background:linear-gradient(100deg,rgba(255,255,255,0),rgba(255,255,255,.18),rgba(255,255,255,0));
  transform:skewX(-18deg);opacity:0;transition:opacity .45s linear;pointer-events:none;z-index:2}
.next:hover::before{opacity:1;animation:sheen 2.55s var(--ease-out)}
.next:hover{transform:translateY(-4px);border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.85);
  box-shadow:var(--tap-edge), 0 0 0 1px rgba(var(--acc),.45), 0 0 34px rgba(var(--acc),.26)}
.next-body{flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0}
.next h3{font-size:clamp(21px,2.6vw,28px);font-weight:600;margin-top:12px}
.next p{font-size:14.5px;margin-top:12px;max-width:62ch}
.next .go{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;margin-top:22px;
  font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:12.5px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.06em;color:#fff}
.next .go i{display:block;width:24px;height:1px;background:#fff;font-style:normal;
  transition:width .45s var(--ease-out)}
.next:hover .go i{width:46px}

/* the case study's own artwork, cropped to a fixed thumbnail on the side
   (the same idea as the image atop a home page project card, turned sideways
   to fit this card's horizontal shape) with a flat dark tint, not a gradient */
.next-media{flex:0 0 220px;align-self:stretch;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;
  position:relative;background:#0e1116}
.next-media img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;transform:scale(1.04);
  filter:saturate(.75) contrast(1.05) brightness(.72);
  transition:transform 1.3s var(--ease-out), filter .6s var(--ease)}
.next:hover .next-media img{transform:scale(1.1);filter:saturate(.9) contrast(1.05) brightness(.82)}
.next-media::after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;background:rgba(7,8,10,.4);
  transition:background .5s var(--ease)}
.next:hover .next-media::after{background:rgba(7,8,10,.22)}
@media(max-width:640px){
  .next{flex-direction:column;padding:28px 26px 30px}
  .next-media{flex-basis:auto;height:150px;order:-1}
}


footer{padding:70px 0 60px;text-align:center;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--ink-3);letter-spacing:.06em}
footer .line{height:1px;max-width:var(--shell);margin:0 auto 26px;
  background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(255,255,255,0),rgba(255,255,255,.16),rgba(255,255,255,0))}

/* ============================================================
   LIGHTBOX
   ============================================================ */
.lb{position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:80;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:32px;
  background:rgba(4,5,7,.86);backdrop-filter:blur(14px);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(14px);
  opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transition:opacity .4s var(--ease), visibility .4s}
.lb.open{opacity:1;visibility:visible}
.lb img{max-width:100%;max-height:86vh;width:auto;border:1px solid var(--panel-border);
  transform:scale(.97);transition:transform .5s var(--ease-out)}
.lb.open img{transform:scale(1)}
.lb .cap{position:absolute;bottom:22px;left:0;right:0;text-align:center;
  font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.16em;
  text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-3)}
.lb .close{position:fixed;top:24px;right:24px;width:46px;height:46px;padding:0;border-radius:50%;
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-size:17px}

/* ============================================================
   TABLE OF CONTENTS
   Built by case-study.js from the page headings. Fixed to the left of the
   title and content; the content column is nudged right just enough to clear
   it. Under 1100px there is no room, so it simply is not shown.
   ============================================================ */
/* wide: the contents sit in a sticky left column beside the overview and chapters */
@media(min-width:1100px){
  .cs-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:200px minmax(0,1fr);column-gap:56px;
    align-items:start;max-width:var(--shell);margin:0 auto;padding:0 28px}
  .cs-main .wrap{max-width:none;padding:0}
  .toc{position:sticky;top:104px;align-self:start;margin-top:96.5px;  /* 88px section padding + the eyebrow line-box offset, so "Contents" sits level with "Overview" */
    max-height:calc(100vh - 130px);overflow-y:auto;scrollbar-width:none}
  .toc::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}
  .toc-toggle{display:none}
}
/* narrow: a bar pinned to the bottom that opens the list as a sheet */
@media(max-width:1099px){
  .toc{position:fixed;z-index:45;left:16px;right:16px;bottom:16px}
  body.has-toc{padding-bottom:76px}
  .toc-toggle{all:unset;box-sizing:border-box;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;width:100%;
    padding:13px 16px;cursor:pointer;background:rgba(10,12,16,.92);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(14px);backdrop-filter:blur(14px);
    border:1px solid var(--tap-border);box-shadow:var(--tap-edge)}
  .toc-toggle:focus-visible{outline:2px solid rgba(var(--acc),.9);outline-offset:3px}
  .toc-toggle .k{font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:11px;font-weight:600;
    letter-spacing:.22em;text-transform:uppercase;color:rgb(var(--acc));flex:0 0 auto}
  .toc-toggle .cur{flex:1;min-width:0;font-size:13px;color:var(--ink);white-space:nowrap;
    overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}
  .toc-toggle .chev{width:14px;height:14px;flex:0 0 auto;color:var(--ink-2);transition:transform .3s var(--ease)}
  .toc.open .toc-toggle .chev{transform:rotate(180deg)}
  .toc-body{display:none;position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:calc(100% + 8px);
    max-height:min(62vh,520px);overflow-y:auto;padding:18px 18px 12px;
    background:rgba(10,12,16,.96);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(14px);backdrop-filter:blur(14px);
    border:1px solid var(--tap-border);box-shadow:var(--tap-edge)}
  .toc.open .toc-body{display:block}
  .toc a{padding:9px 0 9px 16px;font-size:14px}
  .toc ol ol a{font-size:13px;padding:7px 0 7px 30px}
}
[data-toc]{scroll-margin-top:96px}
.toc .toc-h{font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:11px;font-weight:600;
  letter-spacing:.22em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-3);margin-bottom:14px}
.toc ol{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;border-left:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14)}
.toc li{margin:0}
.toc a{display:block;position:relative;padding:6px 0 6px 16px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.35;
  color:var(--ink-3);text-decoration:none;transition:color .25s var(--ease)}
.toc a:hover{color:var(--ink)}
.toc a:focus-visible{outline:2px solid rgba(var(--acc),.9);outline-offset:2px}
.toc a::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:-1px;top:0;bottom:0;width:2px;
  background:rgb(var(--acc));box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(var(--acc),.8);
  transform:scaleY(0);transition:transform .3s var(--ease)}
.toc li.on > a{color:var(--ink)}
.toc li.on > a::before{transform:scaleY(1)}
.toc .no{font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.1em;
  color:rgb(var(--acc));margin-right:8px}
.toc ol ol{border-left:0;display:none;margin:0 0 4px}
.toc li.on > ol{display:block}
.toc ol ol a{font-size:12px;padding:4px 0 4px 30px}
.toc ol ol a::before{display:none}
.toc ol ol li.on > a{color:rgb(var(--acc))}

/* ============================================================
   MOTION SAFETY
   ============================================================ */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){
  html{scroll-behavior:auto}
  [data-reveal]{opacity:1!important;transform:none!important;transition:none!important}
  .btn:hover::before,.next:hover::before{animation:none;opacity:0}
}

/* CHARTS */
.fig .frame.chart{padding:22px 22px 12px;overflow-x:auto}
.chart svg{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;min-width:560px}
.chart text{font-family:'Space Grotesk',sans-serif;font-size:12px;fill:var(--ink-2)}
.chart text.t-3{fill:var(--ink-3)}
.chart text.t-acc{fill:rgb(var(--acc))}
.chart .grid{stroke:rgba(255,255,255,.08);stroke-width:1}
.chart .axis{stroke:rgba(255,255,255,.3);stroke-width:1}
.chart .b-old{fill:#6d7581}
.chart .b-new{fill:rgb(var(--acc))}
.chart .b-alt{fill:rgba(var(--acc),.16);stroke:rgb(var(--acc));stroke-width:1.5;stroke-dasharray:4 3}
.chart .l-old,.chart .l-new,.chart .l-alt{fill:none;stroke-width:2.5;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round}
.chart .l-old{stroke:#8a929d}
.chart .l-new{stroke:rgb(var(--acc))}
.chart .l-alt{stroke:rgb(var(--acc));stroke-dasharray:6 5}
.chart .d-old{fill:#8a929d}
.chart .d-new{fill:rgb(var(--acc))}
.chart .d-alt{fill:#0c0e12;stroke:rgb(var(--acc));stroke-width:2}
.cards.c4{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}
@media(max-width:900px){.cards.c4{grid-template-columns:1fr}}
.chart .ref{stroke:#8a929d;stroke-width:1.5;stroke-dasharray:2 5}
.chart text.t-ink{fill:var(--ink)}
.chart text.big{font-size:24px;font-weight:600}

.chart .rng-halo{stroke:var(--bg);stroke-width:4.5;fill:none;stroke-linecap:round}
.chart .rng{stroke:var(--ink);stroke-width:1.6;fill:none;stroke-linecap:round}
.fig-pair{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:18px;margin-top:34px;align-items:start}
.fig-pair .fig{margin-top:0;min-width:0}
.fig-pair .fig .frame.chart{padding:16px 12px 8px}
.fig-pair .chart svg{min-width:0}
@media(max-width:900px){.fig-pair{grid-template-columns:1fr}.fig-pair .chart svg{min-width:440px}}